Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev txhim kho thiab txheej txheem thev naus laus zis thiab kev nthuav dav txuas ntxiv ntawm kev siv roj av, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov xav tau ntawm cov pa oxygen, nitrogen thiab nitrogen, ntau lub tuam txhab tau nce lawv cov peev hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv technology, zoo heev nce qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov khoom siv roj hauv kev lag luam roj, thiab dhau los ua lwm qhov muaj zog huab cua sib cais tshuab tom qab cryogenic cua sib cais. Txawm hais tias cov tshuab tsim cov pa oxygen muaj keeb kwm ntau xyoo, nws tseem yuav tsum tau tsim kho ntxiv vim tias nws tau qhib txoj hauv kev tshiab hauv kev tsim cov pa oxygen thiab nws qhov tshwj xeeb. Ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov kev ua tiav tshiab ntawm kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no, tshawb xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais adsorption, thiab ua tib zoo tsim thiab ua kom zoo dua qhov tsis zoo yuav yog cov kev taw qhia thiab kev tsom mus rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no.
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib cais adsorption
Txoj kev sib cais adsorption muaj ob kauj ruam: adsorption thiab desorption ntawm kua. Thaum ntxov li 1990, ... muab tso rau pem hauv ntej lub tswvyim ntawm "adsorption", thiab siab viav vias adsorption belongs rau lub cev adsorption. Lub cev adsorption yog qhov tshwm sim saum npoo. Hauv cheeb tsam ob-theem, cov kua dej thiab cov khoom ntxeem tau sib xyaw ua ke. Muaj lub zog sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob theem, uas ua rau cov kua dej molecules sib sau ua ke thiab mloog zoo rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom ntxeem tau. Rau cov kua dej ntau yam, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog ntawm txhua yam khoom thiab cov khoom ntxeem tau, yog li xaiv adsorption tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, lub Cheebtsam adsorbed ntawm cov khoom theem nto tawm lub interface thiab rov qab mus rau lub kua theem. Cov txheej txheem no yog cov txheej txheem thim rov qab ntawm adsorption, hu ua desorption lossis desorption.
Los ntawm adsorption thiab desorption, kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom sib cais thiab cov txheej txheem tsim tawm tau tiav, yog li paub txog kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv ntawm cov kua dej sib xyaw. Cov khoom ua ntu ntu ntu yog hu ua adsorbent, thiab cov kua adsorbed hu ua adsorbent. Thaum cov kua yog adsorbed, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm molecules yog txo, lub molecular kinetic zog yog txo, thiab tshav kub tawm. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, thaum lub sij hawm desorption, lub zog molecular kinetic nce, thiab kev nqus cua sov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov adsorbed molecules adsorbed rau ntawm qhov chaw.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim cov pa oxygen los ntawm lub siab viav vias adsorption
Lub adsorption sib cais ntawm cov roj sib xyaw ua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom siab, thiab cov khoom siv roj adsorbed yog desorbed nyob rau hauv qhov kev txo qis kom ua tiav kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov roj sib xyaw thiab kev tsim tawm ntawm cov adsorbent. Cov kua dej sib xyaw adsorption equilibrium isotherm, thaum qhov kub thiab txias tsis tu ncua, tus nqi adsorption ntawm cov roj sib xyaw ntawm cov adsorbent nce nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv;
Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub hauv lub thawv adsorption tseem nyob tas li thaum lub sijhawm adsorption thiab desorption, los ntawm kev hloov pauv ib feem ntawm cov kua dej, cov kua dej adsorption ntawm cov khoom theem adsorbent yuav hloov raws li adsorption isotherm, qhov chaw ua haujlwm yog nruab nrab ntawm cov ntsiab lus. , thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi adsorption ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus yog cov khoom sib cais ntawm isothermal siab-swinging adsorption voj voog. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb lub siab viav vias adsorption sib cais txheej txheem, cov txheej txheem adsorption tso tawm cua sov, thiab cov txheej txheem desorption absorbs tshav kub. Qhov kub ntawm lub txaj adsorption yuav hloov, cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem adsorption. Raws li cov adsorption pib, qhov tseeb lub siab viav vias adsorption txheej txheem yuav pib ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus thiab qhov tseeb siab viav vias adsorption tivthaiv sib cais tus nqi.
Ua kom qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov adsorption tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntawm cov adsorbent thaum lub sij hawm adsorption thiab desorption txheej txheem yuav pab txhim kho cov nyhuv sib cais. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv kev xaiv rau txhua qhov sib xyaw, cov khoom siv adsorbent yuav tsum muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv txoj kab nqes ntawm adsorption isotherm, thiab kev hloov siab yuav tsum tau nce ntau npaum li qhov ua tau kom nce tus nqi pauv ntawm cov khoom adsorption. tus nqi. Oxygen ntau lawm siv cua ua cov roj nyoos thiab zeolite molecular sieves ua cov theem adsorbents. Cov txheej txheem sib cais yog nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug sib cais hom, uas yog, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog ntawm cov nitrogen thiab oxygen molecules nyob rau hauv cov huab cua nyob rau hauv lub molecular sieve pores yog tag nrho siv los ua kom tiav huab cua sib cais oxygen.
Lub sijhawm dipole ntawm nitrogen molecule yog, lub sijhawm dipole ntawm oxygen molecule yog, thiab polarizability ntawm nitrogen yog loj, yog li kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm nitrogen thiab cations thiab polar nto hauv zeolite muaj zog dua li ntawm nitrogen thiab oxygen. Yog li ntawd, zeolite molecular sieves tuaj yeem xaiv adsorb nitrogen. Los ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej ntawm zeolite molecular sieves kom nyiam adsorb nitrogen ntawm nruab nrab thiab qis siab, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib cais nitrogen thiab oxygen hauv huab cua yog ua tiav los ntawm kev kho siab, thiab tom qab ntawd lub siab txo kom desorb nitrogen adsorbed nyob rau hauv cov khoom theem. molecular sieves, yog li ntawd cov khoom theem molecular sieves tuaj yeem rov ua dua.
